Endangered or threatened plant and animal species:
Identify species (with scientific names) or groups of species of particular interest for conservation, in particular if they are threatened with extinction.
[Note: The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) determines the conservation status of endangered or threatened wildlife based on documented evidence provided by specialists. The 1999/2000 list of species from COSEWIC was used to identify those known to occur in the Regional Municipality of Haldimand-Norfolk. The conservation status of these species assigned by the Ontario Natural Heritage Information Centre (ONHIC) is also noted. The ONHIC classification is based on the system developed by The Nature Conservancy (US) which ranks status "globally" (for entire range) and by jurisdictions. For example, over the entire range of a species, G5 is "very common, secure under present conditions", and G4 is "uncommon to common, usually more than 100 known occurrences". For jurisdictions (S=State), S1 is "extremely rare, usually 5 or fewer occurrences or a very few vulnerable to extirpation"; S2 is "very rare, usually between 6 and 20 occurrences with many individuals susceptible to extirpation"; and S3 means "rare, usually between 21 and 100 known occurrences". The ONHIC status of these species for Ontario is noted below the COSEWIC categories. In addition, their status locally was taken mainly from an intensive natural areas inventory (Gartshore and others 1987); it is possible that there have been some changes in local status over the past decade].
Species
COSEWIC
Local Status
ONHIC
Plants
American ginseng
endangered
uncommon
Panax quinquefollus
G4 S3
Cucumber magnolia
endangered
occurs locally
Magnolia acuminata
G5 S2
Large whorled pogonia
endangered
occurs at one site
Isotria verticillata
G5 S1
Spotted wintergreen
endangered
occurs at three sites
Chimaphila maculata
G5 S2
Toothcup
endangered
occurs at one site
Rotala ramosior
G5 S1
Water-pennywort
endangered
common
Hydrocotyle americana
American chestnut
threatened
common
Castanea dentata
G4 S3
American water-willow
threatened
occurs at Long Point
Justicia americana
G5 S1/S2
Birdfoot violet
threatened
scattered occurrences
Viola pedata
G5 S1
Colic-root
threatened
occurs at one site
Aletris farinosa
G5 S2
Goat's-rue
threatened
occurs at three sites
Tephroslia virginiana
G5 S1
Kentucky coffee-tree
threatened
occurs, may be introduced
Gymnocladus dioicus
G5 S2
Round-leaved greenbrier
threatened
one specimen (might be misidentified)
Smilax rotundifolia
G5 S2
Mammals
American badger
endangered
rare, possibly six sites
Taxidea taxus
G5 S2
Breeding birds
Acadian flycatcher
endangered
rare & very local
Empidonax virescens
G5 S2
Barn owl endangered
rare, extremely local & Tyto alba irregular (captive breeding & release program initiated in 1999)
G5 S1
Henslow's sparrow
endangered
rare, extremely local & sporadic& sporadic
Ammodramus henslowi
G4 S1
King rail
endangered
rare & extremely local
Rallus elegans
G4/G5 S2
Loggerhead shrike
endangered
rare & extremely local
Lanius ludovicianus
G5 S2
Northern bobwhite
endangered
rare & extremely local
Colinus virginianus
G5 S1
Piping plover
endangered
extirpated at Long Point?
Charadrius melodus
G3 S1
Prothonotary warbler
endangered
rare & very local; (recovery plan using nest boxes underway since 1997).
Protonotaria citrea
G5 S1/S2
Hooded warbler
threatened
rare & very local; (two small groups studied intensively over past decade).
Wilsonia citrina
G5 S3
Herpetofauna
Black rat snake
threatened
very rare, extirpated?
Elaphe obsoleta
G5 S3
Eastern fox snake
threatened
locally common
Elaphe vulpina gloydia
G3 S3
Fowler's toad
threatened
locally common
Bufo (woodhousei) fowleri
G5 S2
Massassauga rattlesnake
threatened
extirpated?
Sistrurus catenatus
G3/G4 S3
Queen snake
threatened
rare
Regina septemvittata
G5 S2
Spiny softshell turtle
threatened
occurs, status unclear
Apalone spinifera
G5 S3
Fish
Channel darter
threatened
occurs at one site (now extirpated?)
Percina copelandi
G4 S2?
Eastern sand darter
threatened
occurs at two sites
Etheostoma pellucidum
G3 S2
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